ἥλιος

ἥλιος, ὁ, [dialect] Ep. [full] ἠέλιος, as always in Hom. (exc. in the late passage Od.8.271) and Hes., cf. Hp.Alim.42: [dialect] Dor. [full] ἀέλιος [pron. full] [ᾱ] Pi.P.4.144, Call. Cer.92, Lav.Pall.89, and lyr. in Trag., S.Ant.809, E.Ph.175, al., but [full] ἅλιος [pron. full] [ᾱ], S.Tr.96, E.Alc.395 (ᾰέλιος S.Tr.835): Cret. [full] ἀβέλιος (i.e. [full] ἀϝ-), Hsch.: [dialect] Aeol. [full] ἀέλιος Sapph.79(= Oxy.1787Fr.1.25), Supp.25.7; [full] ἄλιος Sapph.69 (s.v.l.): Arc. [full] ἀέλιος (or [pref] ἁ-) IG5(2).4.12 (Tegea, iv B.C.):—

A sun, Il.7.421, etc.; ὁρᾶν φάος ἠελίοιο to see the light of life, live, 18.61, etc.;

ὑπ' ἠελίῳ τε καὶ οὐρανῷ ἀστερόεντι ναιετάουσι 4.44

;

γυνὴ . . ἀρίστη τῶν ὑφ' ἡλίῳ E.Alc.151

; οὐκέτ' ἔστιν ὑφ' ἁλίῳ ib.395; also

ὑπὸ ἡλίου ἑωρᾶσθαι Th.2.102

;

οἱ ὑπὸ τοῦτον τὸν ἥλιον ἄνθρωποι D.18.270

;

τριῶν τῶν ὑπὸ τὸν ἥ. μεγίστων ἡγεμονιῶν Plu.Luc.30

: prov.,

οὐδ' ὁ ἥ. εἴσεται Hld.7.21

; ὥσπερ σελήνη γ' ἡλίῳ (sc. ὅμοιος) a pale reflection, Com.Adesp.5.15D.

2 to determine the cardinal points, πρὸς ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε towards the East, opp. πρὸς ζόφον:

εἴτ' ἐπὶ δεξί' ἴωσι πρὸς ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε, εἴτ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ τοί γε ποτὶ ζόφον ἠερόεντα Il. 12.239

, cf. Od.9.26;

ὅσοι ναίουσι πρὸς ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε, ἠδ' ὅσσοι μετόπισθε ποτὶ ζόφον 13.240

; πρὸς ἠῶ τε καὶ ἡλίου ἀνατολάς, opp. πρὸς ἑσπέρην, Hdt.7.58;

τὰ πρὸς ἠῶ τε καὶ ἥλιον ἀνατέλλοντα Id.4.40

; οἱ ἀπὸ ἡλίου ἀνατολέων Αἰθίοπες the eastern . . , Id.7.70.

3 day, S.El. 424; a day, Pi.O.13.37, Hp.Alim.42, E.Hel.652(pl.), Ps.-Luc.Philopatr. 4,26, etc.; later, year, Herod.10.1.

4 sunshine, sun's heat,

ἐπὶ τοῖς ὄρεσιν Pl.Phd.116e

;

ἥ. πολύς Luc.Nav.35

, cf.Herm.25; πολὺντὸν ἥ. ἐμφαίνειν, of a sunburnt person, Id.Ind.3, cf. Rh.Pr.9: pl., sunbeams, Thphr.Sign.22, Ael.NA16.17; hot sunny days, Th.7.87.

5 metaph., sunshine, brightness,

ψυχῆς Plu.2.994e

, cf. Artem.2.36, etc.; of a person,

Ἑλλάνων δόξης δεύτερον Ἀέλιον IG14.1188

; of Ptol. VI, UPZ15.33; νέος Ἥ., of Nero and Caligula, SIG814.34, 798.3.

II as pr. n., Helios, the sun-god, Od.8.271, etc.; νὴ τὸν Ἥ. Men.Sam. 108; ὑπὸ Δία Γῆν Ἥλιον, in manumission-formula, POxy.48.6, 49.8 (i A.D.), IG9(1).412 ([place name] Aetolia), IPE2.54.10(iii A.D.); [

Ἥλιος] δούλους ἐλευθέρους ποιεῖ Artem.2.36

; identified with Apollo, Carm.Pop.12, E.Fr.781.11; with Dionysus, D.Chr.31.11, etc.

2 Ἡλίου ἀστήρ, of the planet Saturn, v.l. in Pl.Epin.987c, cf. D.S.2.30, Theo Sm. p.130H. (I.-E. sāwelios, cf. Cret. ἀβέλιος, Lith. sáulė, Lat. sōl.)